The 12V to 310V converter is a powerful DC-DC boost circuit that steps up a low 12V DC input to a high 310V DC output. This type of converter is often used in inverter systems, tube amplifiers, and high-voltage applications where a stable DC supply is essential.
How the Circuit Works
This design is based on the UC3845 PWM controller IC and a high-speed MOSFET (IRF3205). The UC3845 generates high-frequency pulses that drive the MOSFET, which in turn switches the primary winding of the transformer. The stepped-up voltage is rectified and filtered to provide a stable 310V DC output.
The feedback and control system ensures that the output voltage remains steady even under varying load conditions.
Key Components and Their Functions
- UC3845 IC: High-performance PWM controller for driving the MOSFET efficiently.
- IRF3205 MOSFET: Handles high current switching at high frequency.
- Transformer (EI33 Core): Custom-wound to step up voltage with a primary of 4 turns (21 SWG x3) and a secondary of 56 turns (20 SWG).
- UF5408 Diode: High-speed rectifier for the high-voltage output.
- 470µF Capacitors: Smooth DC voltage and filter noise.
- LED Indicator: Shows readiness of the converter.
- Resistors & Capacitors: Provide feedback, timing, and stability to the PWM control.
Step-by-Step Working Process
- 12V DC Input Supply powers the UC3845 controller and MOSFET circuit.
- PWM Signal Generation by UC3845 controls the MOSFET switching speed and duty cycle.
- High-frequency switching through the MOSFET energizes the transformer’s primary winding.
- Voltage Step-Up occurs in the transformer’s secondary winding.
- High-voltage rectification is done by UF5408 to produce a DC output.
- Filtering & Regulation ensure the output is a clean, stable 310V DC.
Advantages of This Converter
- High efficiency with minimal heat loss
- Compact and lightweight design
- Reliable performance for high-voltage needs
- Adjustable design for different output voltages
- Suitable for continuous operation
Applications
- Powering high-voltage equipment from 12V sources
- Inverter systems for solar and battery applications
- Tube amplifiers and audio equipment
- Experimental high-voltage projects
Safety Precautions
- Handle the high-voltage section with extreme care
- Use proper insulation on transformer windings
- Never touch the output terminals while in operation
- Use appropriate fuses and over-voltage protection
Conclusion
The 12V to 310V DC converter offers an efficient way to generate high-voltage DC from a low-voltage supply. With its PWM-based control and robust transformer design, it’s suitable for a variety of applications that demand a reliable high-voltage source.
